Implementation trials disparity in Africa

Authors

  • Daniel Obua Makerere University College of Health Sciences
  • Joyce Nakitende
  • Patrick Vuzara
  • Timothy Adeyemi
    Competing Interests

    None declared

  • Victoria Nakalanzi
  • Temitope Ogunnupebi
  • Joy Happy Banonya
    Competing Interests

    None declared

  • Winnifred Akello
  • Fiona Agweng
  • Jonah Ainembabazi
  • Mahad Muweesi
  • Malinga Odong
  • Joyce Nayiga
  • Solomon Wani
  • Mercy Tebamifor
  • Ishmael Gumbo
  • Julius Opolot
  • Abiola Fafolahan
  • Martha Nakyagaba Mutumba
  • Redie Kidane
  • Eleanor Sabuka
  • Sandra Mwebe
  • Felix Kofi Awuriki
  • John Francis Kimuli
  • Frank Matovu
  • Getaneh Simachew
  • Mary Nafuna
  • Joy Osifo
  • Angeth Achiek Kut
  • Pius Kungu
  • Boaz Mwesigwa
  • James Arinaitwe
  • Annette Kyomuhangi
  • Julius Muhwezi
  • Chipo Nkwemu
  • Lauryn Nsenga
  • Eyasu Menamo
  • Daisy Wannyana
  • Ronald Nuwamanya

Keywords:

Clinical trials, trials, Implentation, disparity, Africa

Abstract

The know-do gap refers to a situation where there is failure to apply knowledge to improve people’s health (Kebede et al., 2014). There is a need to close the Know-do gap in Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional audit and analysis of all conducted trials registered on clinictrials.gov through April 2026.  African countries conducted only 72 implementation trials compared 2338 in the United States of America, a 32-fold absolute trial volume gap. More implementation research is needed to close the large existing know-do gap in Africa.

Author Biography

  • Victoria Nakalanzi

    None declared.

References

Kebede, D., Zielinski, C., Mbondji, P. E., Piexoto, M., Kouvividila, W., & Lusamba-Dikassa, P.-S. (2014). The way forward – narrowing the knowledge gap in sub-Saharan Africa to strengthen health systems. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 107(1_suppl), 10–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076813512818

Sáenz V., Patino, C. M., & Carvalho Ferreira J. (2021). Implementation research and its role in public health and health policies. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, e20210443. https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20210443

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Published

2026-04-12 — Updated on 2026-05-16

Versions

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2

Section

Methods Note (legacy — see Methods Note for new submissions)

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Daniel Obua, Joyce Nakitende, Patrick Vuzara , Timothy Adeyemi, Victoria Nakalanzi, Temitope Ogunnupebi , Joy Happy Banonya , Winnifred Akello , Fiona Agweng , Jonah Ainembabazi , Mahad Muweesi , Malinga Odong , Joyce Nayiga , Solomon Wani , Mercy Tebamifor , Ishmael Gumbo, Julius Opolot, Abiola Fafolahan , Martha Nakyagaba Mutumba , Richard Ssempala , Redie Kidane , Pius Kungu, Sandra Mwebe, Boru Wato , Felix Kofi Awuriki , John Francis Kimuli, Frank Matovu, Getaneh Simachew , Mary Nafuna , Joy Osifo , Angeth Achiek Kut , Boaz Mwesigwa , Eleanor Sabuka , James Arinaitwe , Annette Kyomuhangi, Julius Muhwezi , Chipo Nkwemu , Lauryn Nsenga, Eyasu Menamo , Daisy Wannyana , Ronald Nuwamanya

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Articles in Synthēsis are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. Authors retain copyright.

How to Cite

Implementation trials disparity in Africa. (2026). Synthēsis, 2(2). https://synthesis-medicine.org/index.php/journal/article/view/38 (Original work published 2026)

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